Zo Ṭawng Hawrawp A AW B Ṭobul Leh A Chhehvel

11/02/2020

By Lalhruaitluanga Ralte

1. Thuziak tih bo thu

"Mizo lehkha zawng savun a ni a, hman laiin uiin min lo ei shak zo ta a ni e,"tiin kan pi leh pute chuan an lo sawi ṭhin a (Thanga, October thla ni 4, 1913, Kristian Tlangau, January 1914:8). Kan thuziak neih chungchanga thawnthu sawi dan dangah chuan, Mizoten thuziak an lo nei tawh a, savuna zial a ni a, hun rei tak an vahvaihnaah an hloh ta a ni, tiin an lo sawi ṭhin bawk a (J.V. Hluna, Education and Missionaries in Mizoram, 1992:50,52). Chu lovah chuan, Savuna ziak chu sum khuh nan an hmang a, uiin a lo ei ta a ni (F. Lalremsiama, Mi lu lak leh Vai run chanchin, 1997:61),tiin an sawi ṭhin. Heng hi a thawnthu hle a; mahse, thawnthute hi phuahchawp ngawt an lo ni lem lo, bulbal neia sawi chhawn a lo ni ṭhin.

Hmanlai thawnthu tam tak zingah thuziak tihbo thu hi Asia khawmualpuia hnam hrang hrangin kan lo nei a. Khasi leh Bengali te, (B. Ryngnga, The life and works of Rev. William Williams, 1994:xv) Rengma (Naga) te leh Myanmar, Thailand leh China insuih finna vela awm Karen te, Kachin te, Lahu te, Wa te, Kui te leh Lisu te chuan he thuziak tihbo thu hi thawnthu sawiin an lo inhrilh ṭhin bawk a (F. Lalremsiama, Mi lu lak leh Vai run chanchin, 1997:55,58-61). Philippines rama Motadato Manobo Indian-ho pawhin an lo sawi ṭhin (Rev. Lalnghinglova, Lalpa ke bulah bu 1-na, 1999:207).

Thuziak tihbo thawnthu inang neite hi bul thuhmun neiin kan lo khawsa ho tawh a nih loh pawhin, ṭhenawm inhnai takin kan lo awm tawh a ni ang tih hi rinhlelh rual a ni lo.

2. Kum 1893-ah Pu Buanga leh Sap Upain A Aw B min siamsak

Pu Buangaten a aw b min siam sak hun hi kan mi thiamte ziak dan chuan kum 1894-ah a ni a, a chhui ngun lehzual deuhin February emaw, March thla emaw niin an ring a (B. Lalthangliana, A aw b kan lo neih dan leh thu ziak lama hmasawn thu, Kum za lamtluang, 1994:66).

Amaherawhchu, Pu Buangate ṭhian dunin Mizo ṭawng an zir dan leh a aw b an siam dan uluk taka han zirin kum 1894-ah chuan Zoramah an rawn keng lut ngei tawh zawk niin a lang.

  1. Pu Lloyd-a khan Pu Buanga leh Sap Upaten Mizo ṭawng mil ṭha tak maia hawrawp an lo siam chu Mizote tan a vanneihthlakzia a sawi a. "Mizorama luh phalna nghaka Silchara an awm lai (1893) hian a aw b siam hna hi an lo thawk tawh ngei a ni tih hi rinhlelh tur a awm lo ve," a ti a. Kum 1894 kum tawp dawn thleng khan an hawrawp siam chu Mizo ṭawng nen a inmil ṭha em tih enchhin nan an hmang a ni, a ti bawk (History of the Church in Mizoram, 1992:263).
  2. Durtlang Presbyterian Kohhran Chanchinah chuan, Durtlang lal Suaka chanchin an sawi naah 'Kum 1893-ah a aw b an siam a,' tiin an lo ziak a (Durtlang Presbyterian Kohhran Chanchin 1908-1998:6). Pu Buanga leh Sap Upa hian kum 1893-ah an lo siam tawh tihna a ni.
  3. Pu Buanga hian kum 1893 August 19-a Rev. G.O. Newport-a hnena lehkha a thawnah chuan Silchara an awm lai hian Mizo ṭawng an thiam hle tawh thu a ziak a. We know sufficient of the language to make ourselves understood, but it may be sometime ere we can tell out the Gospel story (The Harvest Field, Third Series, Vol V:241). Mizo ṭawng an ziah thiam hle tawh laiin ṭawng erawh chu an la thiam nal lo hle a, Aizawl an lo luh hlima an puan in kaihpuitute chu Mizo ṭawngin an be thei ṭawk ṭawk chauh a ni, tiin an ziak (Amongst the Head hunters of Lushai, World Wide Magazine 1899:378).
  4. Website pakhat Freewebs.com-ah chuan Durtlang lal Suaka chanchin hi tawi kimchang angreng takin a inziak a, chutah chuan Pu Buanga leh Sap Upate Mizo ṭawng zirtirtu a nih thu leh kum 1893-a a aw b an siam thu hi a inziak (https://www.freewebs.com/durtlang/Suaka.html).
  5. Pu Buanga hian kum 1894 April ni 2-a sikul an hawn thu leh chuta zir hmasa ber chu Suaka leh Thangphunga an nih thu a ziak a. Anni pahnih hian April thla ral hmain ziak leh chhiar an thiam hman dan leh Mizo zinga a aw b zir thiam hmasa ber an nih thu a ziak bawk a. Suaka leh Thangphungate hnua zir leh hmasate chu hemi kum tawp lam, October ni 26-ah Sailo lal Khamlianan a zir thu a ziak bawk a (Log book, Dated 26th October, 1894).

Pu Buanga hian Zo ṭawng hawrawp a aw b chu Suaka leh Thangphunga ten an zir hmain mi dang zirtir an lo tum tawh thu a sawi a (K. L. Rokhuma, Mizo zingah tuin nge ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasa ber? Thu leh Hla, August 2006:1). Heta Thangphunga leh Suaka hmaa ziak leh chhiar zirtir an lo tum tawh ni thei awm te kan chhui a. Sumdawng hmasa Chawngkhuma leh Paliana te, Pu Buanga te bawmtu hmasa Khuma, Babua leh Luseia (C.I. ni ta) te, an tirhkah Chawnga (zirtirtu ni ta) te leh Aizawl an lo thlen hlima lo chiauautu Maubawk lal Dokhama teho zinga mi tute emaw ber hi chu an ni ngei ang tih kan hre thei.

Pu Buanga bawmtute zinga tu ber hian nge Mizote chu zawng ang mai kan ni a, hetiang thil harsa tak mai hi chu kan thiam thei ve awzawng lo vang, tia Pu Buangate hnena chhuanlam siama ziak leh chhiar zirtir an tum pawha an zir duh loh thu sawitu hi kan chhui a. Hetianga lo sawitu hi Suaka niin Kristian Tlangauah a lang a (Kristian Tlangau, January 1914:8). Mahse, Suaka hi a sawitu a ni thei lo. Pu Buanga khan Suaka leh Thangphungan ziak leh chhiar an zir hmaa mi dang sawi a tih avang leh an chhuanlam siam chu chhuanlam tling lo a ni tih lantir nan Suaka leh Thangphungaten an zir a, an hlawhtling ta a ni, a ti kher a ni (Lalzawnga, Mizoram Baptist Kohhran Chanchin Pawimawh Lawrkhawm part III, 1986:241).

Chutiang chuan kum 1894 February thlaa Pu Buangaten an in thar luah hlim vel khan heng Chawngkhumateho hi ziak leh chhiar zirtir an lo tum tawh ngei ang tih kan hre thei a. Chutianga zirtir an lo tum tawh chuan a aw b siam peih sa an lo nei tawh reng a ni tih a tilang a ni. Silchar-a an awm lai pawh khan Zo ṭawng an hnen aṭanga zir pahin an hawrawp siam chu kan sawi takhote kha zirtir an lo tum tawh hial pawh a ni thei.

3. A Aw B zir thiam hmasa ber Thangphunga leh Suaka

A aw b zir thiam hmasa ber chu Pu Buanga hian a sawi chiang tawk a, Chaltlang lal ni ta Thangphunga leh Dahrawk hmasa ber leh Durtlang lal ni ta Suakate kha an ni.

Zarkawt tlangah April ni 1-ah sikul an sa zo va, ni 2-ah zirna an hawng ta a. Sikul an hawn hma pawh hian an chekawi zinga miteho chu ziak leh chhiar zirtir an lo tum tawh a; mahse, tu mahin an zir ngam rih lo. Thangphunga leh Suaka chuan midang ngam loh chu ngamin an zir ṭan ta a, kar khat chhungin thumal lam khat chi chu an thiam hman a, thla khat chhungin Pu Buangate ziak zawng zawng an chhiar thiam hman vek a ni (K. L. Rokhuma, Mizo zingah tuin nge ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasa ber? Thu leh Hla, August 2006. 1; J. H. Lorrain, History of Mizoram Baptist Church Part I, 7th May 1934. 241).

Kum 1894 April thla chhungin Thangphunga leh Suaka hian ziak leh chhiar an thiam hman ngei a ni tih kan hre chiang a, Mizo zinga Pu Buangate a aw b ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasa ber an ni ta a ni.

4. Engatinge Khamliana hi ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasa ber kan lo tih?

Khamliana, Lungleng lal hi Pu Buanga hian an ṭhian ṭha berte zinga mi a nih thu te, an zirlai zinga thiam thei leh ṭha berte zinga mi a nih thu hi sap rama chawl tawh, Thangliana hnenah kum 1912 khan a lo zu hrilh a (T. H. Lewin, A Fly on the Wheel:317).

Thangphunga leh Suakate zir thiam hnua an sikula zir leh hmasate chu Sailo lal pahnih Khamliana leh Khama an ni a, Khamliana zir ve ṭan ni chu kum 1894 October ni 26-ah a ni. Suaka te aiin thla 6-in a thiam tlai a nih chu.

Pu Buangan Khamliana hi an zirlai ṭha berte zinga mi a tih chhan pawh Khamliana hian kar khat chhungin chhiar chauh pawh ni lo, ziak pawh a thiam hman avang a ni (Dr. J. V. Hluna, Mizoram Hmar Bial Missionary-te Chanchin:20; B. Lalthangliana, Mizo Chanchin:552).

Lalzama ziah dan chuan zan 13 chhungin Khamliana hian ziah leh chhiar a thiam hman (Growth and Development of Mizo Language with Special Reference to The Contribution made by The Welsh Missionaries 1897-1957:100). Kar khat a zir hnu chuan hlim takin an khua Lunglengah a zu haw a. Upate sawi dan chuan meihawl a rawt dip a, chu chu chingal thlawrnain a thli fim a, hmunphiah kuang suih zumin lehkha ziak nan a hmang ta a. Pu Buangate Aizawla awm chu lehkha a thawn ta a, an lo hmuh chuan mak an tiin an lawm hle a ni.

Pu Buangate chuan an sikula zir chhuak hnen aṭanga lehkhathawn an dawn hmasak ber chu an hlutin an roh hle a. Pu Buanga khan chhuang takin a nu leh pa hmuh atan sap ramah a thawn thla a, anni pawhin mak an tiin an lo lawm ve hle a. A pa thih hnuah Pu Buanga nu chuan Mizoramah a rawn thawn let a, khawiah nge a riral tak hriat a ni lo (B. Lalthangliana, Mizo Chanchin:552).

He lehkhathawn avang hian Khamliana chu a lar phah ta viau mai a ni. A lehkhathawn hun hi B. Lalthangliana (Mizo Literature:165) leh Laltluangliana Khiangte (Thuhlaril:110) chuan kum 1894 April thla niin a ziak a, hei hi a dik thei lo. Pu Buanga chhinchhiahna bu chiang tak kan neih hnu chuan kum 1894 November thla tir lam a ni ang tih a hriat theih ta a. A chhan chu Khamliana hian October ni 26-ah a zir ṭan avang leh kar hnih chhunga a thiam hman vangin.

Kar hnih chunga a thiam mai chhan pawh hi tun hmain silai license te chu a awmze hre lovin a lo ziah chhawn ve fo tawh ṭhin vang a ni, tih Pu Buanga khan a lo ziak a (K. L. Rokhuma, Mizo zingah tuin nge ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasa ber? Thu leh Hla, August 2006:4). Chutiang chuan a aw b neih hlima kutziak ngeia a thiamna lo pho lang hmasa, lal fing tak a ni a, hun lo kal zelah chuan ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasa ber chu Khamliana nia ngaiin an lo sawi chhawng ta zel a ni.

5. A aw b an siam chu

Pu Buangate hian Zo ṭawng hawrawp siam nan Sir William Jones-a leh Dr. John Wilson-aten roman script hmanga ṭawng an ziah dan te, Sir William Hunter-a leh Rev. Sydney Endle-a tih dan te an buk hnuah Hunterian System of Orthography an thlang ta a ni.

Kum 1893-a Silchar-a an awm laia an hawrawp siam chhuah chu hetiang hi a ni a, kum 1896 thleng pawhin an la hmang a ni.

  • å a b d e f g h i j k l m n o p r s t u v z ch

Heng hawrawp 23 te hi Pu Buangaten Mizo ṭawng ziak chhuah nan an duang chhuak a ni tih chiang taka kan hriat theihna chu, Bible-a Fapa Tlan bo thu, Luka bung 15:11-32, kum 1896-a an lehlin aṭangin a ni. Chu chu lo thlir ila:

  • 11. Mî tûinemå fápá pahnih a nê.
  • 12. A naupang zåk-in a pá hnena "Kapá, rô ka chan min pe råh" a tî a. Tin, a sum an pahnih a hnen a shem a.
  • 16. Englô kåm vok-in an ê khá, ani påh-in ê pui a du em em a, tuma-in engma an pe shî lô va.
  • 24. ..Tin, hlimtak-in an om tan - tá a.

Kum 1898 khan Pu Buanga ziah Grammar and Dictionary of the Lushai Language tih bu a chhuak a, chutah chuan Zo ṭawng hawrawp chu hetiang hian hawrawp 24 a lo ni ta a.

  • a aw b ch d e f g h i j k l m n o p r s t ṭ u v z

Heng hawrawp an siamte hi han thlir hian kum 1893-a an siam bakah chuan aw leh ṭ chauh an belh tih kan hmu ang. Hmanna awm lo hawrawp pahnih g leh j an la telh ta fan a. Hman ngei si, ziaka an la telh tak chuan loh chu ng hi a ni.

Mizo ṭawng hawrawp kimchang chu Pu Buanga dictionary, 1940-a chhuakah hian a lo lang ta a. Amaherawhchu, Chutah pawh ng hi a la tel ta chuang lova, n hmunah a la awm ve mai a ni. J erawh chu paih a ni ta a. A hnuai hawrawpte hi an siam hnuhnung ber chu a ni a, a vaiin 23 a ni.

  • a aw b ch d e f g h i k l m n o p r s t ṭ u v z

6. Zosapthara (Rev. Edwin Rowlands) a aw b siam kan hmang ta

Kum 1898-ah Zosapthara a lo chhuak ve ta a, ani hi zirtirtuah pawh lo ṭang tawh, mi thiam leh ṭawng zir thiam thuai mi a lo ni leh hlauh mai a. Welsh mission a rawn zawm a, Mizo ṭawng a han zir a, a thiam hnu chuan Pu Buangate hawrawp phuah khawm chu Mizo ṭawng ziah chhuah nan a ṭha tawk lo tih a hmu ta thuai a, chungte chu siam ṭhain a hmang ta nghal zel a. Pu Buanga sawi dan chuan 1903-a Lungleia an lo chhuah leh khan Zosaphluia leh Zosapthara nen Mizo ṭawng hawrawp chungchang an sawi hova, Zosaptharaten an lo tih danglam leh siam ṭhat chu a dik zawkin a lo ṭha ngei a ni tih an pawm a, hman zui zel an remti tlang ta a ni (Kristian Tlangau, June 1920. 110-112).

Zosapthara chuan Ng a belh ta a, g leh j te pawh hmanna kan nei lo tih hre chungin Pu Buangate lo telh chu paih chuang lovin a hmang ve ta zel a. Kum 1901-a Mizo Zir Tirna bu second edition-ah chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian Zosapthara duan hawrawp 25 chu a lo chhuak ta a, hei hi tun thlenga kan hman tak zel chu a ni.

  • a aw b ch d e f g ng h i j k l m n o p r s t ṭ u v z

7. Zo awng hawrawp lam rik dan

  • a-a, aw-aw, b-bi, ch-chaw, d-di, e-e, f-efi, g-ek (ji-chhim lam), ng-eng (enji-chhim lam), h-eihchhi, i-i, j-ze, k-ke, l-el, m-em, n-en, o-ou, p-pi, r-ar, s-esi, t-ti, -ṭi, u-u, v-vi, z-zet

Kan lam rik dan hi puitling chuan ngaiah kan nei a, naupangin an zir hian lam rik danah an buai fo. H hi eihchhi tiin kan lam a, hming tih hi han lam ila, eihchhi-em-i-eng tih a ngai a. Naupang tan emaw, hnam dang tan emaw chuan lam rik thiam harsa tak a ni. A dang pawh sawi tur a tam mai. Efi leh esi te pawh hi lam khata siam a nih loh chuan a harsa tho mai.

8. Zo awng hawrawp ziah dan thar rawtna

(1) Kan neih sa hmangin: Tuna kan ziak dan hi a ṭha tawk hle chungin alphabetical order a la zawm kim lo deuh a. Computer-a index han siam dawn hian ng hi kan a aw b-ah chuan g dawta awm tur a ni a. Computer chuan ng chu n hmunah a dah zel a, hei hi sap ṭawng mila siam a nih tlat vang a ni. Chuvangin g dawtah ng lovin, n dawtah hian ng ta mai ila, computer nen a inmil bakah kan hawrawp chu alphabetical order mil thlapin kan siam a lo ni bawk dawn si a, ṭha hlein a rinawm. Chutiang chuan n dawta ng dah chu kawng engkimah a dik zawk a, chutianga kan ziak chuan kan a, aw, b ziak dan pawh hetiang hian a lo danglam tawh ang.

  • a aw b ch d e f g h i j k l m n ng o p r s t ṭ u v z

Kan hawrawp lam rik tih danglam ngai leh lam hnih, lam khata dah chhuah turte chu lo tar lang bawk ila.

F hi Efi tih aiah fe, hi ek tih aiah ge leh S hi esi tih aiah se tiin lam ri ta zawk ila, a chhiar a nuam zawk hle ang.

(2) Rawtna thar: Tuna kan hawrawp hman lai hi kan sipel dan nen chhiar dik a harsa hle mai a. Puitling chuan kan chhiar dik lui thei a, naupang zir tir tan chhiar dik theih a ni mang lo. Chuvangin hetiang hian rawtna thar han siam ila, ngun takin lo en ula, ṭha kan tih chuan la sawi ho ni se. Sawrkarah leh pawlah pawh a ṭul anga la sawi hova siamṭhat dan ngaihtuah a ṭha hle ang. Hetiangin-

  • a-a, b-bi, c-chaw, d-di, f-fe, g-eng, h-hi, i-i, j-dze, k-ke, l-le, m-me, n-ne, o-ou, p-pi, r-re, s-se, t-ti, -tri, u-u, v-vi, w-aw, z-zet

Chawngzawng sava chu cwgzwg tiin kan ziak tawh ang a, Ṭingṭang chu igag tiin tawi tein kan ziak thei tawh ang. Tunlai ṭhalaite chuan mak an ti lo mai a ni lo, an hman sa reng a ni tawh. Tunlai khawvelah chuan sms kan inthawn pawhin aw aiah w, ch aiah c, ng aiah g kan hmang sa reng tawh a nih hi! Fb lamah te leh social network lama kan inkawmnaah pawh tuna rawtna kan siam hi khawvel puma Mizo ṭhalaite chuan kan hmang sa reng tawh zawk a ni. Chuvangin mipui nawlpuiin an pawm thei ngei ang tih a rin theih a ni.